Introduction：Basic information about CAS 40951-21-1|(±)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
| Common Name | (±)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid |
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| CAS Number | 40951-21-1 | Molecular Weight | 148.114 |
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| Density | 1.5±0.1 g/cm3 | Boiling Point | 394.2±27.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
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| Molecular Formula | C5H8O5 | Melting Point | >290ºC (dec.) |
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| MSDS | / | Flash Point | 206.4±20.2 °C |
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Names
| Name | 2-Hydroxyglutaric Acid Disodium Salt |
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| Synonym | More Synonyms |
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(±)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid BiologicalActivity
| Description | α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases[1]. |
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| Related Catalog | Research Areas >>CancerSignaling Pathways >>Epigenetics >>Histone Demethylase |
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| Target | Microbial Metabolite Human Endogenous Metabolite |
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| In Vitro | Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2 mutations occur frequently in gliomas and acute myeloid leukemia, leading to simultaneous loss and gain of activities in the production of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium, respectively[1]. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium inhibits the activity of multiple histone demethylases. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid occupies the same space as α-KG does in the active site of histone demethylases. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) disodium inhibits the activity of TET 5-methylcytosine hydroxylases[1]. Treatment of U-87MG cells with α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate; 10-50 mM) disodium increases HIF-1α and decreases endostatin[1]. |
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| References | [1]. Wei Xu, et al. Oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate is a competitive inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. Cancer Cell. 2011 Jan 18;19(1):17-30. |
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Chemical & Physical Properties
| Density | 1.5±0.1 g/cm3 |
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| Boiling Point | 394.2±27.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
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| Melting Point | >290ºC (dec.) |
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| Molecular Formula | C5H8O5 |
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| Molecular Weight | 148.114 |
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| Flash Point | 206.4±20.2 °C |
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| Exact Mass | 148.037170 |
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| PSA | 94.83000 |
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| LogP | -1.45 |
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| Vapour Pressure | 0.0±2.1 mmHg at 25°C |
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| Index of Refraction | 1.520 |
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| InChIKey | DZHFTEDSQFPDPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
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| SMILES | O=C([O-])CCC(O)C(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+] |
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Toxicological Information
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION - RTECS NUMBER :
- MA3751000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Glutaric acid, 2-hydroxy-, disodium salt, L-alpha-
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 40951-21-1
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199012
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 1
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- C5-H6-O5.Na2
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 192.09
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- OVYQ2VO &-NA- 2
HEALTH HAZARD DATAACUTE TOXICITY DATA - TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 4500 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- RPTOAN Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology (English Translation). Translation of FATOAO. (Euromed Pub., 33, Woodlands Rd., Surbiton, Surrey, UK) V.30- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 36,61,1973
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Synonyms
| hydroxyglutaric acid |
| Pentanedioic acid, 2-hydroxy- |
| 2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid |
| 2-hydroxyglutaric acid |
| DL-2-Hydroxyglutaric |
| (RS)-2-Hydroxypentanedioic acid disodium salt Disodium 2-hydroxyglutarate |
| 2-Hydroxy-pentanedioic acid |
