CAS 99300-78-4|Venlafaxine hydrochloride

Introduction：Basic information about CAS 99300-78-4|Venlafaxine hydrochloride, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.

Table of Contents

1. Names
2. Venlafaxine hydrochloride BiologicalActivity
3. Chemical & Physical Properties
4. Toxicological Information
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
5. Safety Information
6. Customs
7. Articles49
8. Synonyms

Common Name	Venlafaxine hydrochloride
CAS Number	99300-78-4	Molecular Weight	313.863
Density	1.394 g/cm3	Boiling Point	397.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula	C₁₇H₂₈ClNO₂	Melting Point	207-209ºC
MSDS	USA	Flash Point	194.2ºC
Symbol	GHS02, GHS06, GHS08	Signal Word	Danger

Names

Name	venlafaxine hydrochloride
Synonym	More Synonyms

Venlafaxine hydrochloride BiologicalActivity

Description	Venlafaxine hydrochloride is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class.Target: SNRIVenlafaxine is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class. First introduced by Wyeth in 1993, now marketed by Pfizer, it is licensed for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as a treatment for generalized anxiety disorder, and comorbid indications in certain anxiety disorders with depression. In 2007, venlafaxine was the sixth most commonly prescribed antidepressant on the U.S. retail market, with 17.2 million prescriptions.Venlafaxine is a bicyclic antidepressant, and usually categorized as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), but it has been referred to as a serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI). It works by blocking the transporter "reuptake" proteins for key neurotransmitters affecting mood, thereby leaving more active neurotransmitters in the synapse. The neurotransmitters affected are serotonin and norepinephrine. Additionally, in high doses it weakly inhibits the reuptake of dopamine, with recent evidence showing that the norepinephrine transporter also transports some dopamine as well, since dopamine is inactivated by norepinephrine reuptake in the frontal cortex. The frontal cortex largely lacks dopamine transporters; therefore, venlafaxine can increase dopamine neurotransmission in this part of the brain. Venlafaxine interacts with opioid receptors (mu-, kappa1- kappa3- and delta-opioid receptor subtypes) as well as the alpha2-adrenergic receptor, and was shown to increase pain threshold in mice. When mice were tested with a hotplate analgesia meter (to measure pain), both venlafaxine and mirtazapine induced a dose-dependent, naloxone-reversible antinociceptive effect following intraperitoneal injection. These findings suggest venlafaxine's seemingly superior efficacy in severe depression as narcotics become increasingly used as a measure of last resort for refractory cases.
Related Catalog	Signaling Pathways >>Neuronal Signaling >>Serotonin TransporterResearch Areas >>Neurological Disease
References	[1]. Bymaster FP, et al. Comparative affinity of duloxetine and venlafaxine for serotonin and norepinephrine transporters in vitro and in vivo, human serotonin receptor subtypes, and other neuronal receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 Dec;25(6):871-80. [2]. Goeringer KE, et al. Postmortem tissue concentrations of venlafaxine. Forensic Sci Int. 2001 Sep 15;121(1-2):70-5.

Description

Venlafaxine hydrochloride is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class.Target: SNRIVenlafaxine is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class. First introduced by Wyeth in 1993, now marketed by Pfizer, it is licensed for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as a treatment for generalized anxiety disorder, and comorbid indications in certain anxiety disorders with depression. In 2007, venlafaxine was the sixth most commonly prescribed antidepressant on the U.S. retail market, with 17.2 million prescriptions.Venlafaxine is a bicyclic antidepressant, and usually categorized as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), but it has been referred to as a serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI). It works by blocking the transporter "reuptake" proteins for key neurotransmitters affecting mood, thereby leaving more active neurotransmitters in the synapse. The neurotransmitters affected are serotonin and norepinephrine. Additionally, in high doses it weakly inhibits the reuptake of dopamine, with recent evidence showing that the norepinephrine transporter also transports some dopamine as well, since dopamine is inactivated by norepinephrine reuptake in the frontal cortex. The frontal cortex largely lacks dopamine transporters; therefore, venlafaxine can increase dopamine neurotransmission in this part of the brain. Venlafaxine interacts with opioid receptors (mu-, kappa1- kappa3- and delta-opioid receptor subtypes) as well as the alpha2-adrenergic receptor, and was shown to increase pain threshold in mice. When mice were tested with a hotplate analgesia meter (to measure pain), both venlafaxine and mirtazapine induced a dose-dependent, naloxone-reversible antinociceptive effect following intraperitoneal injection. These findings suggest venlafaxine's seemingly superior efficacy in severe depression as narcotics become increasingly used as a measure of last resort for refractory cases.

Related Catalog

Signaling Pathways >>Neuronal Signaling >>Serotonin TransporterResearch Areas >>Neurological Disease

References

[1]. Bymaster FP, et al. Comparative affinity of duloxetine and venlafaxine for serotonin and norepinephrine transporters in vitro and in vivo, human serotonin receptor subtypes, and other neuronal receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 Dec;25(6):871-80.

[2]. Goeringer KE, et al. Postmortem tissue concentrations of venlafaxine. Forensic Sci Int. 2001 Sep 15;121(1-2):70-5.

Chemical & Physical Properties

Density	1.394 g/cm3
Boiling Point	397.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	207-209ºC
Molecular Formula	C₁₇H₂₈ClNO₂
Molecular Weight	313.863
Flash Point	194.2ºC
Exact Mass	313.180847
PSA	32.70000
LogP	3.83760
InChIKey	QYRYFNHXARDNFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES	COc1ccc(C(CN(C)C)C2(O)CCCCC2)cc1.Cl
Storage condition	Store at RT

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: GV8872760

CHEMICAL NAME :: Cyclohexanol, 1-(2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)-, hydrochloride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 99300-78-4

LAST UPDATED :: 199801

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 1

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C17-H27-N-O2.Cl-H

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 313.91

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 235 mg/kg/12D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Gastrointestinal - other changes

REFERENCE :: JATOD3 Journal of Analytical Toxicology. (Preston Pub. Inc., POB 48312, Niles, IL 60648) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,266,1996

Safety Information

Symbol	GHS02, GHS06, GHS08
Signal Word	Danger
Hazard Statements	H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H370
Precautionary Statements	P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes	Xi: Irritant;
Risk Phrases	R36/37/38
Safety Phrases	26-37/39
RIDADR	1230.0
RTECS	GV8872760
Hazard Class	3、6.1
HS Code	2922509090

Customs

HS Code	2922509090
Summary	2922509090. other amino-alcohol-phenols, amino-acid-phenols and other amino-compounds with oxygen function. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

Articles49

Environmental friendly method for urban wastewater monitoring of micropollutants defined in the Directive 2013/39/EU and Decision 2015/495/EU.

J. Chromatogr. A. 1418 , 140-9, (2015)

The fate and removal of organic micropollutants in the environment is a demanding issue evidenced by the recent European policy. This work presents an analytical method for the trace quantification of...

The antidepressant venlafaxine disrupts brain monoamine levels and neuroendocrine responses to stress in rainbow trout.

Environ. Sci. Technol. 48(22) , 13434-42, (2014)

Venlafaxine, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is a widely prescribed antidepressant drug routinely detected in the aquatic environment. However, little is known about its impact on the p...

Enantiomeric fraction evaluation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

J. Chromatogr. A. 1363 , 226-235, (2014)

The interest for environmental fate assessment of chiral pharmaceuticals is increasing and enantioselective analytical methods are mandatory. This study presents an enantioselective analytical method ...

Synonyms

1-[2-(Dimethylamino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloride (1:1)

Efectin

Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

Effexor

Venlafaxine HCl

MFCD03658865

EINECS 200-659-6

Cyclohexanol, 1-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-, hydrochloride (1:1)

Efexor

(±)-1-(a-((Dimethylamino)methyl)-p-methoxybenzyl)cyclohexanol hydrochloride

cyclohexanol, 1-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-, hydrochloride

RTECS GV8872760

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