Furfuryl alcohol CAS 98-00-0
Introduction：Basic information about Furfuryl alcohol CAS 98-00-0, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
Furfuryl alcohol Basic informationDescription References
| Product Name: | Furfuryl alcohol |
| Synonyms: | (2-furyl)-methano;2-furanemethanol;2-Furanmethanol (furfuryl alcohol);2-Furanylmethanol;2-Furfurylalkohol;2-furfurylalkohol(czech);2-Hydroxymethyklfuran;2-hydroxymethylfurane |
| CAS: | 98-00-0 |
| MF: | C5H6O2 |
| MW: | 98.1 |
| EINECS: | 202-626-1 |
| Product Categories: | alcohol Flavor;Furans;fine chemical;fine chemicals;Additives;pharmaceutical raw material;Industrial Grade;Elisa Kit-plant ELISA Kit |
| Mol File: | 98-00-0.mol |
Furfuryl alcohol Chemical Properties
| Melting point | -29 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 170 °C (lit.) |
| density | 1.135 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| vapor density | 3.4 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 0.5 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index | n |
| FEMA | 2491 | FURFURYL ALCOHOL |
| Fp | 149 °F |
| storage temp. | Store below +30°C. |
| solubility | alcohol: soluble |
| pka | 14.02±0.10(Predicted) |
| form | Liquid |
| color | Clear yellow |
| PH | 6 (300g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Odor | Mildly irritating. Very mild, warm-oily, “burnt” odor. |
| Odor Threshold | 8 ppm |
| Odor Type | bready |
| biological source | synthetic |
| explosive limit | 1.8-16.3%(V) |
| Water Solubility | MISCIBLE |
| FreezingPoint | -29℃ |
| JECFA Number | 451 |
| Merck | 14,4305 |
| BRN | 106291 |
| Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), STEL 15 ppm (60 mg/m3), IDLH 75ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 50 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm, STEL 15 ppm (adopted). |
| Major Application | cleaning products cosmetics flavors and fragrances food and beverages personal care |
| InChI | 1S/C5H6O2/c6-4-5-2-1-3-7-5/h1-3,6H,4H2 |
| InChIKey | XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | OCc1ccco1 |
| LogP | 0.3 at 25℃ |
| Surface tension | 39.6mN/m at 293.15K |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 98-00-0(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| IARC | 2B (Vol. 119) 2019 |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | 2-Furanmethanol(98-00-0) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | 2-Furanmethanol (98-00-0) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | Xn,T |
| Risk Statements | 20/21/22-48/20-40-36/37-23-21/22 |
| Safety Statements | 23-36/37/39-63-45-36/37-24/25 |
| RIDADR | UN 2874 6.1/PG 3 |
| OEB | A |
| OEL | TWA: 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), STEL: 15 ppm (60 mg/m3) [skin] |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | LU9100000 |
| F | 8 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 915 °F |
| TSCA | TSCA listed |
| HS Code | 2932 13 00 |
| HazardClass | 6.1 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| Storage Class | 6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 very toxic hazardous materials |
| Hazard Classifications | Acute Tox. 2 Inhalation Acute Tox. 4 Dermal Acute Tox. 4 Oral Carc. 2 Eye Irrit. 2 STOT RE 2 Inhalation STOT SE 3 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 98-00-0(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LC50 (4 hr) in rats: 233 ppm (Jacobson) |
| IDLA | 75 ppm |
| Description | Furfuryl alcohol is clear colorless organic liquid having a furan substituted with a hydroxymethyl group. It is primarily used for the synthesis of furans resins which are used in thermoset polymer matrix composites, cements, adhesive and coatings. It plays an essential role in the production of foundry sand binder and has long been used to produce cores and molds for metal casting. Other applications include as a fuel and wood treatment. In industry, it is manufactured through either direct reduction of furfural, or through the disproportionation via the Cannizaro reaction in NaOH solution. The basic raw materials for its manufacturing are waste vegetable materials such as rice hulls, sugar cane bagasse, oat hulls or corncobs. |
| References | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furfuryl_alcohol http://www.furan.com/furfuryl_alcohol_applications.html |
| Description | Furfural alcohol is a colorless to amber liquidthat darkens on exposure to light. It has a faint, burningodor. Molecular weight=98.11; Specific gravityFurfuryl alcohol 1371(H2O:1)=1.13; Boiling point: 171℃; Melting point:215℃; Vapor pressure=6 mmHg at 25℃; Flash point =65℃ (cc); 75℃ (oc); Autoignition temperature=491℃.Explosive limits: LEL=1.8%; UEL=16.3%. HazardIdentification (based on NFPA-704 M Rating System):Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1. Soluble in water. |
| Chemical Properties | clear yellow liquid |
| Chemical Properties | Furfural alcohol is a colorless to amber liquidthat darkens on exposure to light. It has a faint, burning odor. |
| Chemical Properties | Furfuryl alcohol has a very mild, warm, oily, “burnt” odor and a cooked sugar taste. |
| Physical properties | Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with an irritating odor. Darkens to yellowish-brown onexposure to air. A detection odor threshold concentration of 32 mg/m3 (8.0 ppmv) was determinedby Jacobson et al. (1958). |
| Occurrence | Reported found in roasted almonds, cooked apple, apple juice, roasted barley, beans, beef fat, canned beef stew, beer, brandy, white bread, cocoa, cocoa bean, roasted coffee, roasted flberts, honey, heated skim milk, dried mushrooms, roasted onion, yellow passion fruit, roasted peanuts, pineapple, popcorn, potato chips, roasted sesame seeds, cheeses, milk, meats, grape wines, cognac, whiskies, soybean products, coconut, corn oil, shrimps, clams and other sources |
| Uses | Colorless liquid that turnsdark in air |
| Uses | Furfuryl Alcohol has been obtained by yeast reduction of furfural. Furfuryl Alcohol is used as solvent and in the manufacturing of wetting agents, resins. |
| Uses | Solvent; manufacture of wetting agents, resins. |
| Definition | ChEBI: A member of the class of furans bearing a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 2-position. |
| Preparation | Usually prepared from furfural that is obtained by the processing of corncobs; oil obtained by steam distillation of roasted coffee bean meal consists of 50% furfuryl alcohol; prepared industrially by the catalytic reduction of furfural using nickel and Cu-CrO catalysts. |
| Aroma threshold values | Detection: 1 to 2 ppm. |
| Taste threshold values | Taste characteristics at 50 ppm: burnt, sweet, caramellic and brown. |
| Synthesis Reference(s) | Synthesis, p. 246, 1977 Tetrahedron Letters, 33, p. 5417, 1992 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)79109-X |
| General Description | A clear colorless liquid. Flash point 167°F. Boiling point 171°F. Denser than water. Contact may irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion and skin contact and moderately toxic by inhalation. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Slightly soluble in water. |
| Hazard | May react explosively with mineral acidsand some organic acids. Toxic by inhalation andskin absorption. Approved for food products. Toxicby skin absorption. |
| Health Hazard | Inhalation causes headache, nausea, and irritation of nose and throat. Vapor irritates eyes; liquid causes inflammation and corneal opacity. Contact of skin with liquid causes dryness and irritation. Ingestion causes headache, nausea, and irritation of mouth and stomach. |
| Fire Hazard | Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form. |
| Chemical Reactivity | Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: The product darkens and forms water insoluble material on exposure to air or acids. This reaction is accelerated at elevated temperatures; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions | Taste at 20-40ppm |
| Safety Profile | Poison by ingestion, skin contact, and subcutaneous routes.Moderately toxic by inhalation and intraperitoneal routes. Mutation data reported. An eye irritant. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidtzing materials. Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Reacts violently with acids (e.g., formic acid, cyanoacetic acid + heat). Ignites on contact with 85% hydrogen peroxide. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes. |
| Potential Exposure | Used as a starting monomer in theproduction of furan resins and used to produce tetrahydro furfural alcohol (THFA). |
| First aid | If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. |
| Carcinogenicity | The NTP conducted a 2-yearinhalation study on furfuryl alcohol. F344 rats andB6C3F1 mice were exposed to 0, 2, 8, or 32 ppm furfurylalcohol for 6 h/day, 5 days/week. All rats exposed to 32 ppmdied by week 99; survival of all other animals was similar tocontrol animals. There were increased incidences of nasaltumors in the male rats and increased incidences of kidneytubule tumors in male mice. Increased incidences of nonneoplasticlesions of the nose and increased severities ofnephropathy were observed in male and female rats and malemice. Nonneoplastic lesions of nose and corneal degenerationoccurred in female mice. |
| Source | Furfuryl occurs naturally in yarrow, licorice, sesame seeds, clove flowers, and tea leaves(Duke, 1992). Also detected in barrel-aged red, white, and model wines. Concentrations rangedfrom 3.5 mg/L in white wine after 55 wk of aging to 9.6 mg/L after 11 wk of aging (Spillman etal., 1998). Identified as one of 140 volatile constituents in used soybean oils collected from aprocessing plant that fried various beef, chicken, and veal products (Takeoka et al., 1996). |
| Environmental fate | Biological. In activated sludge inoculum, following a 20-d adaptation period, 97.3% CODremoval was achieved. The average rate of biodegradation was 41.0 mg COD/g?h (Pitter, 1976). Chemical/Physical. Easily resinified by acids (Windholz et al., 1983). Furfuryl alcohol will nothydrolyze because it has no hydrolyzable functional group. In barrel-aged red, white, and model wines, naturally occurring furfuryl alcohol decreased inconcentration with time. In red wine, furfuryl ethyl ether was identified as a degradation productafter 55 wk of storage. The average percentage decrease of furfuryl alcohol was 73% (Spillman etal., 1998). |
| storage | Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Metal containers involving the transfer of=gallonsor more of ethyl acetate should be grounded and bonded.Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressurevacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparkingtools and equipment, especially when opening and closingcontainers of ethyl acetate. Store in containers that are properly labeled with health hazard information and safe handling procedures. Wherever ethyl acetate is used, handled,manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proof electricalequipment and fittings. Furfuryl alcohol must be stored toavoid contact with strong oxidizers (such as chlorine, bromine, and fluorine) and any acid, since violent reactionsoccur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat. Sources of ignition, such assmoking and open flames, are prohibited where furfurylalcohol is used, handled, or stored in a manner that couldcreate a potential fire or explosion hazard. Wherever furfuryl alcohol is used, handled, manufactured, or stored, useexplosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings. |
| Shipping | UN2874 Furfuryl alcohol, Hazard Class: 6.1;Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. |
| Purification Methods | Distil it under reduced pressure to remove tarry material, shake with aqueous NaHCO3, dry it with Na2SO4 and fractionally distil it under reduced pressure from Na2CO3. It can be further dried by shaking with Linde 5A molecular sieves. [Beilstein 17/3 V 338.] |
| Incompatibilities | Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Contact with acids cancause polymerization. Strong reaction with oxidizers.Incompatible with alkaline earth and alkali metals; strongcaustics; aliphatic amines; isocyanates, acetaldehyde, benzoylperoxide; chromic acid, chromium trioxide; cyanoacetic acid;dialkylzincs, dichlorine oxide; ethylene oxide; hydrogen per oxide; isopropyl chlorocarbonate; lithium tetrahydroalumi nate; nitric acid; nitrogen dioxide; pentafluoroguanidine,phosphorus pentasulfide; tangerine oil; triethylaluminum, trii sobutylaluminum. Attacks some plastics, coatings and rubber. |
| Toxics Screening Level | The initial risk screening level (IRSL) for furfuryl alcohol is 0.09 μg/m3 (annual average). The secondary risk screening level (SRSL) is 0.9 μg/m3 (annual average). The initial threshold screening level (ITSL) for furfuryl alcohol is 5 μg/m3 (annual average). |
| Waste Disposal | Incineration in admixturewith a more flammable solvent. |
Furfuryl alcohol Preparation Products And Raw materials
| Raw materials | Methanol-->Toluene-->Sodium carbonate-->Chlorine-->Hydrogen-->Sulfur-->Sodium dichromate dihydrate-->EMULSIFIER-->Trimethylamine-->Furfural-->THIOPHOSPHORYL CHLORIDE-->Cupric oxide-->Lead monoxide-->White phosphorus-->Chromium(III) oxide-->DOYLE DIRHODIUM CATALYST-RH2(4S-MEOX)4-->SODIUM DICHROMATE-->Cupric nitrate trihydrate-->DIMETHYLPHOSPHINOTHIOIC CHLORIDE-->AMMONIUM CHROMATE-->Copper dinitrate-->Cupric nitrate |
| Preparation Products | 2-Methylfuran-->3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one-->2-Allyl-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one-->Ethyl maltol-->Levulinic acid-->Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol-->FURFURYL ALCOHOL RESIN-->Ranitidine-->4-(BROMOMETHYL)-3-NITROBENZOIC ACID-->CALCIUM LEVULINATE-->Furfuryl acetate |
