ISOBUTANE CAS 75-28-5
Introduction：Basic information about ISOBUTANE CAS 75-28-5, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
ISOBUTANE Basic information
| Product Name: | ISOBUTANE |
| Synonyms: | 2-METHYLPROPANE;ISOBUTANE;GEIGER FLOW GAS;2-METHYLPROPANE, 99.995%;2-METHYLPROPANE, FUEL CYLINDER FOR SETAF LASH (1EA=1.3OZ CYLINDER);2-METHYLPROPANE, PRESSURE TIN WITH 250 M L (NET ~140 G);Isobutane(incylinderwithoutvalve);Isobutaneincylinderwithoutvalve |
| CAS: | 75-28-5 |
| MF: | C4H10 |
| MW: | 58.12 |
| EINECS: | 200-857-2 |
| Product Categories: | Organics;refrigerants;Refrigerant;Gas Cylinders;Hydrocarbons (Low Boiling point);Synthetic Organic Chemistry;Alphabetic;Analytical Standards;Analytical/Chromatography;Chemical Synthesis;M;META - METH;Specialty Gases;Synthetic Reagents |
| Mol File: | 75-28-5.mol |
ISOBUTANE Chemical Properties
| Melting point | −160 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling point | −12 °C(lit.) |
| density | 2.064 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| vapor density | 2.01 (21 °C, vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 72.2 psi ( 37.7 °C) |
| refractive index | 1.3518 |
| Fp | -83 °C |
| form | Colorless gas |
| color | Colorless, very flammable gas with a faint odor |
| explosive limit | 8.3% |
| Water Solubility | 48.9 mg/kg at 25 °C (shake flask-GC, McAuliffe, 1963, 1966) |
| BRN | 1730720 |
| Henry's Law Constant | 1.171 atm?m3/mol at 25 °C (Hine and Mookerjee, 1975) |
| Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 800 ppm (1,900 mg/m3). |
| Stability: | Stable. Extremely flammable. May form explosive mixtures with air. |
| Cosmetics Ingredients Functions | PROPELLANT |
| Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) | ISOBUTANE (75-28-5) |
| InChI | 1S/C4H10/c1-4(2)3/h4H,1-3H3 |
| InChIKey | NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CC(C)C |
| LogP | 2.760 |
| Surface tension | 12.8 mN/m at 273.41K |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 75-28-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Isobutane (75-28-5) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | F+ |
| Risk Statements | 12 |
| Safety Statements | 9-16 |
| OEB | A |
| OEL | TWA: 800 ppm (1900 mg/m3) |
| RIDADR | UN 1969 2.1 |
| WGK Germany | - |
| RTECS | TZ4300000 |
| F | 4.5-31 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 860 °F |
| TSCA | TSCA listed |
| DOT Classification | 2.1 (Flammable gas) |
| HazardClass | 2.1 |
| HS Code | 2901100000 |
| Storage Class | 2A - Gases |
| Hazard Classifications | Flam. Gas 1A Press. Gas Liquefied gas |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 75-28-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Chemical Properties | colourless odourless gas (or colourless cryogenic liquid) |
| Chemical Properties | 2-Methylpropane (isobutane), C4H10, a flammable gas,occurs in small quantities in natural gas and crude oil. Ithas been detected in urban atmospheres at concentrations of44–74 ppb. It also evolves from natural sources andhas been measured in diesel exhaust at 1.4–11 ppmand in cigarette smoke at 10 ppm. The partitioncoefficient of propane between olive oil and air at 37℃ is12 using the method described by Sato and Nakajima andPerbellini et al.. The lower explosive limit is18,000 ppm in air. |
| Uses | In the production of propylene glycolsand oxides and polyurethane foams and resins;as component of motor fuels and aerosol propellants;as an industrial gas carrier and generalfuel source |
| Uses | Isobutane occurs in petroleum, natural gas,and petroleum cracking products. It is usedas a fuel gas or a liquefied petroleum gas. Itis also used in organic synthesis. |
| Uses | Organic synthesis, refrigerant, motor fuels,aerosol propellant, synthetic rubber, instrument calibration fluid. |
| Definition | ChEBI: An alkane that is propane substituted by a methyl group at position 2. |
| General Description | ISOBUTANE is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor. ISOBUTANE is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. ISOBUTANE is easily ignited. The vapors are heavier than air. Any leak can either be liquid or vapor. ISOBUTANE can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Highly flammable. |
| Reactivity Profile | ISOBUTANE is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers (e.g., nitrates & perchlorates), chlorine, fluorine, (nickel carbonyl + oxygen) . |
| Hazard | Highly flammable, dangerous fire andexplosive risk; explosive limits in air 1.9–8.5%. |
| Health Hazard | Central nervous system depression ranging from dizziness and incoordination to anesthesia and respiratory arrest, depending on concentration and extent of inhalation. Irregular heartbeat is rare but is a dangerous complication at anesthetic levels. |
| Health Hazard | Isobutane, like other saturated aliphatic alkanes,is nontoxic. It is an asphyxiate. Exposureto high concentrations of 1% in air maycause narcosis and drowsiness. Other thanthis, there is no report of any adverse healtheffect from exposure to this gas. |
| Fire Hazard | EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Methane (UN1971) are lighter than air and will rise. Hydrogen and Deuterium fires are difficult to detect since they burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.) Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. |
| Safety Profile | An asphyxiant. Acommon air contaminant. A very dangerousfire and explosion hazard when exposed toheat, flame, or oxidizers. To fight fire, stopflow of gas. When heated to decompositionit emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. |
| Source | California Phase II reformulated gasoline contained 2-methylpropane at a concentrationof 1.04 g/kg. Gas-phase tailpipe emission rate from gasoline-powered automobiles equipped witha catalytic converter was 130 μg/km (Schauer et al., 2002). |
| Environmental fate | Photolytic. Based upon a photooxidation rate constant of 2.34 x 10-12 cm3/molecule?sec with OHradicals in summer daylight, the atmospheric lifetime is 59 h (Altshuller, 1991). At atmosphericpressure and 300 K, Darnall et al. (1978) reported a rate constant of 2.52 x 10-12 cm3/molecule?secfor the same reaction. Rate constants of 1.28 x 10-9 and 6.03 x 10-12 L/molecule?sec were reportedfor the reaction of 2-methylpropane with OH radicals in air at 300 and 296 K, respectively(Greiner, 1967, 1970). Rate constants of 7.38 x 10-13 and 6.50 x 10-17 cm3/molecule?sec werereported for the reaction of 2-methylpropane with OH and NO3, respectively (Sablji? and Güsten,1990). Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air produces carbon dioxide and water vapor. 2-Methylpropane will not hydrolyze because it does not contain a hydrolyzable functional group. |
| Solubility in organics | (mole fraction): In 1-butanol: 0.0897, 0.0491, and 0.0308 at 25, 30, and 70 °C, respectively; chlorobenzene: 0.157,0.0837, and 0.0542 at 25, 30, and 70 °C, respectively; and octane: 0.301, 0.161, and 0.101 at 25,30, and 70 °C, respectively (Hayduk et al., 1988). In 1-butanol: 0.0889 and 0.0486 at 25 and 70 °C, respectively; in chlorobenzene: 0.162 and 0.0853at 25 and 70 °C, respectively; and in carbon tetrachloride: 0.238 and 0.132 at 25 and 70 °C,respectively (Blais and Hayduk, 1983). |
| Purification Methods | Olefins and moisture can be removed by passage at 65o through a bed of silica-alumina catalyst which has previously been evacuated at about 400o. Alternatively, water and CO2 can be removed by passage through P2O5, then asbestos impregnated with NaOH. Treatment with anhydrous AlBr3 at 0o then removes traces of olefins. Inert gases can be separated by freezing the isobutane at -195o and evacuating out the system. [Beilstein 1 IV 282.] |
| Toxics Screening Level | The initial threshold screening level (ITSL) for ISOBUTANE is 23800 μg/m3 (8-hour averaging time). |
ISOBUTANE Preparation Products And Raw materials
| Raw materials | Liquefied petroleum ges-->C4 Fraction-->Cyclohexane, methyl-, radical ion(1+) |
| Preparation Products | Propylene oxide-->Isobutylene-->Methacrylic acid-->(1R-cis)-3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid-->n-Butane-->1-BUTENE-->1R-cis crysanthemic acid-->ETHOPERMETHRIN，95%-->2,2,4-Trimethylpentane-->2,5-DIMETHYLHEXANE-->2,2-DIMETHYLHEXANE-->tert-Butanol-->2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde-->4-ETHYLOCTANE-->2-tert-butylnaphthalene |
