Introduction：Basic information about CAS 105558-26-7|Ginsenoside Rh3, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
| Common Name | Ginsenoside Rh3 |
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| CAS Number | 105558-26-7 | Molecular Weight | 604.857 |
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| Density | 1.2±0.1 g/cm3 | Boiling Point | 695.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
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| Molecular Formula | C36H60O7 | Melting Point | / |
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| MSDS | USA | Flash Point | 374.1±31.5 °C |
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Names
| Name | (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(8R,10R,12S,13R,14S,17S)-12-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-[(2Z)-6-methylhepta-2,5-dien-2-yl]-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol |
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| Synonym | More Synonyms |
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Ginsenoside Rh3 BiologicalActivity
| Description | Ginsenoside Rh3 is a bacterial metabolite of Ginsenoside Rg5. Ginsenoside Rh3 treatment in human retinal cells induces Nrf2 activation. |
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| Related Catalog | Signaling Pathways >>NF-κB >>Keap1-Nrf2Natural Products >>Terpenoids and GlycosidesResearch Areas >>Inflammation/Immunology |
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| Target | Nrf2[1] |
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| In Vitro | Ginsenoside Rh3 inhibits UV-induced oxidative damages in retinal cells via activating nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. Ginsenoside Rh3 treatment in retinal cells induces Nrf2 activation. The potential activity of Ginsenoside Rh3 is tested on Nrf2 signaling in the retinal pigment epithelium cells (RPEs). The qRT-PCR assay results demonstrate that treatment with Ginsenoside Rh3 dose-dependently increases mRNA transcription and expression of key Nrf2-regulated genes, including HO1, NQO1 and GCLC. Consequently, protein expressions of these Nrf2-dependent genes (HO1, NQO1 and GCLC) are also significantly increased in Ginsenoside Rh3 (3-10 μM)-treated RPEs. Notably, although Nrf2 mRNA level is unchanged after Ginsenoside Rh3 treatment, its protein level is significantly increased by Rh3[1]. EZ-Cytox assay is used to assess the effect of ginsenoside-Rh3 on SP 1-keratinocytes viability. Ginsenoside Rh3 (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μM) shows no cytotoxic effect at all concentrations[2]. |
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| In Vivo | The potential effect of Ginsenoside Rh3 is examined on mouse retina, using the light-induced retinal damage model. Ginsenoside Rh3 intravitreal injection (5 mg/kg body weight, 30 min pre-treatment) significantly attenuates light-induced decrease of both a- and b-wave amplitude. The electroretinography (ERG)'s a-wave decreases to 46.03±1.62% % of control level after light exposure, which is back to 71.84±7.51% with Ginsenoside Rh3 administration. The b-wave is 40.19±3.34% of control level by light exposure, and Rh3 intravitreal injection brings back to 80.01±2.37% of control level[1]. |
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| Cell Assay | SP-1 keratinocytes are seeded in 96 well plates (2×104 cells/well). After 24 h, the media is replaced with media containing various concentrations of (A) SKRG, or (B) Ginsenoside Rh3 (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μM). Control cells are treated with DMSO at a final concentration of 0.1%. After 24 h, the media containing the compounds or DMSO is replaced with media containing 10% EZ-Cytox. The cells are then incubated at 37°C for 1 h, and the absorbance is measured using a microplate reader at a wavelength of 450 nm. All assays are performed in triplicate[2]. |
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| Animal Admin | Mice[1] The BALB/c mice (Male, 5-6 week old, 17-18 g weight) are used. The pupillary dilation is performed before exposure to 5000 lx of white fluorescent light. Thirty min before light exposure, Ginsenoside Rh3 (at 5 mg/kg body weight) are injected intravitreally to the right eye. ERG recording after light exposure is also reported early. The b-wave amplitude is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the peak of the b-wave, and the amplitude of the a-wave is measured from the initial baseline. |
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| References | [1]. Tang CZ, et al. Activation of Nrf2 by Ginsenoside Rh3 protects retinal pigment epithelium cells and retinal ganglion cells from UV. Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Mar;117:238-246. [2]. Chung I, et al. Inhibitory mechanism of Korean Red Ginseng on GM-CSF expression in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes. J Ginseng Res. 2015 Oct;39(4):322-30. |
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Chemical & Physical Properties
| Density | 1.2±0.1 g/cm3 |
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| Boiling Point | 695.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
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| Molecular Formula | C36H60O7 |
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| Molecular Weight | 604.857 |
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| Flash Point | 374.1±31.5 °C |
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| Exact Mass | 604.433899 |
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| PSA | 119.61000 |
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| LogP | 7.10 |
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| Vapour Pressure | 0.0±4.9 mmHg at 25°C |
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| Index of Refraction | 1.570 |
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| InChIKey | PHLXREOMFNVWOH-YAGNRYSRSA-N |
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| SMILES | CC(C)=CCC=C(C)C1CCC2(C)C1C(O)CC1C3(C)CCC(OC4OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C4O)C(C)(C)C3CCC12C |
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| Storage condition | 2-8℃ |
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Safety Information
| RIDADR | NONH for all modes of transport |
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Synonyms
| (3β,12β,20Z)-12-Hydroxydammara-20(22),24-dien-3-yl β-D-glucopyranoside |
| β-D-Glucopyranoside, (3β,12β,20Z)-12-hydroxydammara-20(22),24-dien-3-yl |
| GinsenosideRh3 |
| N1608 |
| Ginsenoside Rh3 |
