CAS 7491-74-9|Piracetam
Introduction：Basic information about CAS 7491-74-9|Piracetam, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
| Common Name | Piracetam | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 7491-74-9 | Molecular Weight | 142.156 |
| Density | 1.4±0.1 g/cm3 | Boiling Point | 337.3±44.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Molecular Formula | C6H10N2O2 | Melting Point | 151-152ºC |
| MSDS | ChineseUSA | Flash Point | 157.8±28.4 °C |
Names
| Name | 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide |
|---|---|
| Synonym | More Synonyms |
Piracetam BiologicalActivity
| Description | Piracetam is a cyclic derivative of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), used in treatment of a wide range of cognitive disorders.Target: OthersPiracetam is able to significantly decrease the fusogenic and destabilising effect of Abeta 29-42, in a concentration-dependent manner. Preincubation of piracetam, at a piracetam/peptide ratio of 960, during 20 min before the addition of Abeta 29-42 prevents almost completely the mixture of the two fluorescent probes. Preincubation of piracetam with lipids prevents almost completely the release of calcein induced by the peptide in a dose-dependent fashion (piracetam/peptide ratios from 9.6 to 960) [1]. Piracetam (< 1.0 mM) preincubated with brain membranes enhances membrane fluidity in aged mice, rats and humans, as indicated by decreased anisotropy of the membrane-bound fluorescence probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH). Piracetam (300 mg/kg once daily) significantly increases membrane fluidity in some brain regions of young and aged rats, but has no measurable effect on membrane fluidity in the young rats [2]. Piracetam (300 mg/kg daily for 6 weeks) improves active avoidance learning in the aged rats only and elevates membrane fluidity in all brain regions except the cerebellum in the aged rats. Piracetam (300 mg/kg daily for 6 weeks) also improves NMDA receptor density in the hippocampus and on muscarinic cholinergic receptor densities in the frontal cortex and the striatum and to a lesser extent in the hippocampus of rats [3]. |
|---|---|
| Related Catalog | Signaling Pathways >>Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >>iGluRSignaling Pathways >>Neuronal Signaling >>iGluRResearch Areas >>Neurological Disease |
| References | [1]. Mingeot-Leclercq, M.P., et al., Piracetam inhibits the lipid-destabilising effect of the amyloid peptide Abeta C-terminal fragment. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2003. 1609(1): p. 28-38. [2]. Muller, W.E., et al., Effects of piracetam on membrane fluidity in the aged mouse, rat, and human brain. Biochem Pharmacol, 1997. 53(2): p. 135-40. [3]. Scheuer, K., et al., Piracetam improves cognitive performance by restoring neurochemical deficits of the aged rat brain. Pharmacopsychiatry, 1999. 32 Suppl 1: p. 10-6. |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| Density | 1.4±0.1 g/cm3 |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 337.3±44.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Melting Point | 151-152ºC |
| Molecular Formula | C6H10N2O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 142.156 |
| Flash Point | 157.8±28.4 °C |
| Exact Mass | 142.074234 |
| PSA | 63.40000 |
| LogP | -1.39 |
| Vapour Pressure | 0.0±1.7 mmHg at 25°C |
| Index of Refraction | 1.603 |
| InChIKey | GMZVRMREEHBGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | NC(=O)CN1CCCC1=O |
| Storage condition | Store at RT |
Toxicological Information
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION |
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA - TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 5600 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- FRPPAO Farmaco, Edizione Pratica. (Casella Postale 227, 27100 Pavia, Italy) V.8-43 1953-88 For publisher information, see FRMCE8 Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,47,1977
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- KHFZAN Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal. Chemical Pharmaceutical Journal. For English translation, see PCJOAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24(4),32,1990
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >10 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- PCJOAU Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal (English Translation). Translation of KHFZAN. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) No.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,795,1989
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >12 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- KHFZAN Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal. Chemical Pharmaceutical Journal. For English translation, see PCJOAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11(8),132,1977
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 9200 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- YHTPAD Yaoxue Tongbao. Bulletin of Pharmacology. (China International Book Trading Corp., POB 2820, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.13-23, 1978-88. For publisher information, see ZYZAEU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,465,1983
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - cat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 10 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- RPTOAN Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology (English Translation). Translation of FATOAO. (Euromed Pub., 33, Woodlands Rd., Surbiton, Surrey, UK) V.30- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,205,1984
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - species unspecified
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >10 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- RPTOAN Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology (English Translation). Translation of FATOAO. (Euromed Pub., 33, Woodlands Rd., Surbiton, Surrey, UK) V.30- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 44,22,1981 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 70 gm/kg/14D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Endocrine - adrenal cortex tumors Biochemical - Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative) - dopamine in striatum
- REFERENCE :
- PJPPAA Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. (ARS Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.25- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43,7,1991
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 182 gm/kg/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
- REFERENCE :
- YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,855,1995
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 560 mg/kg/16D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - xanthine, purine or nucleotides including urate
- REFERENCE :
- ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,812,1983
Safety Information
| Personal Protective Equipment | Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter |
|---|---|
| Hazard Codes | Xi: Irritant; |
| Risk Phrases | R36/37/38 |
| Safety Phrases | 26-37/39 |
| RIDADR | NONH for all modes of transport |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | UX9660500 |
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Synonyms
| 2-pyrrolidoneacetamide |
| Pyracetam |
| 2-(2-Oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)acetamide |
| Gabacet |
| Normabrain |
| Nootropil |
| Nootrop |
| Ciclofalina |
| 2-Oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide |
| 1-Pyrrolidineacetamide, 2-oxo- |
| 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide |
| 5-21-06-00360 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) |
| MFCD00079246 |
| Piracetam |
| Nootropyl |
| Pyramem |
| EINECS 231-312-7 |
| Oxiracetam Impurity 1 |
