Introduction：Basic information about (+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE CAS 6989-98-6, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE Basic information
| Product Name: | (+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE |
| Synonyms: | Tubocurarin-dichloride;Tubocurarine Chloride (250 mg);Tubocurarine hydrochloride pentahydrate;dichloride,pentahydrate,(+)-tubocurarin;TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE;Tubocurarine hydroehloride;D-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE;(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE MUSCLE RELAXAN T |
| CAS: | 6989-98-6 |
| MF: | C37H44Cl2N2O7 |
| MW: | 699.67 |
| EINECS: | 615-023-7 |
| Product Categories: | NIZIN;Complex MoleculesEnzyme Inhibitors;Asymmetric Synthesis;Chiral Building Blocks;Enzyme Inhibitors by Type;Other;Alkaloids;Biochemistry;Isoquinoline Alkaloids |
| Mol File: | 6989-98-6.mol |
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(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE Chemical Properties
| Melting point | 275-280 °C (dec.)(lit.) |
| density | 1.2074 (rough estimate) |
| refractive index | 193 ° (C=1, H2O) |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | H2O: soluble50 mg/ml, with heating as required, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to yellow |
| form | Crystalline powder |
| color | White to Light yellow to Light orange |
| Optical Rotation | [α]20/D +195±5°, c = 0.5% in H2O |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water to 50mg/ml, with warming as needed. Also soluble in ethanol or methanol |
| Sensitive | Air Sensitive |
| Merck | 14,9807 |
| BRN | 3896374 |
| Stability: | Hygroscopic |
| InChIKey | WMIZITXEJNQAQK-GGDSLZADSA-N |
| SMILES | O.O.O.O.O.Cl.[Cl-].COc1cc2CCN(C)[C@H]3Cc4ccc(Oc5c(O)c(OC)cc6CC[N+](C)(C)[C@H](Cc7ccc(O)c(Oc1cc23)c7)c56)cc4 |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | T |
| Risk Statements | 25 |
| Safety Statements | 45-36/37/39-22 |
| RIDADR | UN 1544 6.1/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | YO5100000 |
| F | 10-23 |
| HazardClass | 6.1 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| HS Code | 29349990 |
| Storage Class | 6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2
very toxic hazardous materials |
| Hazard Classifications | Acute Tox. 3 Oral |
(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE Usage And Synthesis
| Description | Tubocurarine chloride is the only naturally occurring neuromuscularblocking agent. It is derived from the bark of the South American plantchondrodendron tomentosum, which has been used for centuries by SouthAmerican Indians as an arrow poison. I t was the first non-depolarisingneuromuscular blocking agent to be used in humans. I t has a markedpropensity to produce histamine release and thus hypotension, with possiblya compensatory tachycardia. Historically, tubocurarine, alcuronium andgallamine have been used in clinical practice, but they are no longer availablein the UK. A lcuronium chloride is a semisynthetic derivative of toxiferin, analkaloid of calabash curare. Gallamine triethiodide is a trisquaternary amine.It was first used in France in 1948. The only recent use of gallamine in the UKwas as a small pretreatment dose (10 mg) before suxamethonium. |
| Chemical Properties | white to slightly yellowish powder |
| Originator | Mecostrin,Squibb,US,1946 |
| Uses | Tubocurarine is used mainly in anesthesiology as a myorelaxant, causing prolongedmuscle relaxation during an operation. Small doses are successful at causing temporaryrelaxation of skeletal muscle without any vital change of primary body functions. It is usedparticularly in endotracheal intubation or orthopedic surgery for repositioning fractures,resetting compound dislocations, and so on. The main synonyms are tubarine and curarine. |
| Uses | muscle relaxant (skeletal) |
| Uses | antibacterial |
| Manufacturing Process | The initial step involves extraction of the stems and bark of the plantChondrodendron tomentosum with water as the solvent.
Producing substantially pure d-tubocurarine chloride essentially comprisestreating with picric acid the quaternary-base fraction of a crude curare of thecurarine type, hydrolyzing the resulting picrate in an emulsion of hydrochloricacid and a water-immiscible organic solvent for picric acid, recoveringcrystalline d-tubocurarine chloride from the aqueous phase, dissolving the d_x0002_tubocurarine chloride in a minimum of hot water, allowing the solution tostand at room temperature until the bulk of the d-tubocurarine chlorideprecipitates, adding sufficient concentrated hydrochloric acid to bring the HClcontent up to about 6% and refrigerating the solution. |
| Therapeutic Function | Muscle relaxant |
| General Description | Tubocurarine chloride,( )-tubocurarine chloride hydrochloride pentahydrate, isprepared from crude curare by a process of purification andcrystallization. Tubocurarine chloride occurs as a white oryellowish white to grayish white, odorless, crystalline powderthat is soluble in water. Aqueous solutions of it are stableto heat sterilization.
The structural formula for (+)-tubocurarine was longthought to be that of Ia (see structure diagram). Throughthe work of Everett et al.,the structure is now knownto be that of Ib. The monoquaternary nature of Ib thusrevealed has caused some reassessment of thinking concerningthe theoretical basis for the blocking action, becauseall had previously assumed a diquaternary structure(i.e., Ia). Nevertheless, this does not negate the earlierconclusions that a diquaternary nature of the molecule provides better blocking action than does a monoquaternarynature (e.g., Ib is approximately fourfold lesspotent than dimethyl tubocurarine iodide). Further, (+)-isotubocurarine chloride (Ic) has twice the activity of Ib inthe particular test used. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions | Tubocurarine is a muscle relaxant and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. It can induce neuromuscular blocking. |
(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE Preparation Products And Raw materials
| Raw materials | Hydrochloric acid-->PICRIC ACID |
