| Chemical Properties | Orange-red powder; odorless. Hygroscopic,soluble in water; sparingly soluble inalcohol. |
| Uses | Fluorescein sodium salt is a sodium salt of fluorescein. It can also be used in technical or engineered material use in-situ photochemical fabrication of transition metal-?promoted amorphous molybdenum sulfide catalysts for enhanced photosensitized hydrogen evolution. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing |
| Uses | In examining subterranean waters. Serves to ascertain source of springs, connections between streams and sea, determining approx vol of water delivered by a spring, detecting source of contamination of drinking water, infiltration of soil with waste waters of factories. In externally applied drugs and cosmetics. Analytical reagent (protein label). Clinical reagent (immuno-histological stain, immuno-fluorescent label). |
| General Description | Fluorescein sodium is an orange-red to dark red powder. Water-soluble form of fluorescein. Odorless and almost tasteless. pH (5% solution) 7.8. May be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light and to heat. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Hygroscopic. Water soluble. |
| Reactivity Profile | Fluorescein disodium salt is incompatible with strong oxidizers. Also incompatible with acids, acid salts and salts of heavy metals . |
| Fire Hazard | Flash point data for Fluorescein disodium salt are not available; however, Fluorescein disodium salt is probably combustible. |
| Safety Profile | Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. Mildly toxic by ingestion. Human systemic effects by intravenous route: arrhythmias, eye hemorrhage, nausea or vomiting. Experimental reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Na2O. |
| Synthesis | Sodium fluorescein is generally obtained from the thermal condensation of resorcinol and phthalic anhydride to form a salt, which contains a large number of impurities, mainly unreacted resorcinol, as well as phenolphthalein and yazhengine yellow. |
| Veterinary Drugs and Treatments | Fluorescein sodium is a yellow water-soluble dye that fluorescesunder a Wood’s Lamp, but is plainly visible after binding to cornealstroma through an ophthalmic examination light source. It isused most commonly to delineate full thickness loss of corneal epitheliumindicating the presence of a corneal ulceration. In this instanceit will stain the corneal stroma. The epithelium is not stainedbecause its outer lipid cell membrane repels the stain. Descemet’smembrane will not stain with fluorescein stain and this is used toindicate descemetocele formation, an ocular emergency.
Fluorescein stain is applied to the precorneal tear film in dogsand cats and the break-up of this stain with time, as observedthrough a slit lamp biomicroscope using a cobalt blue light source,is used to determine the tear film break-up time (normal 19 seconds),an indicator of tear film quality.
Fluorescein stain is applied to the tear film of dogs to determinepatency of the nasolacrimal outflow system. The normal wait timeis 2 – 5 minutes in dogs and up to 10 minutes in cats. A positive testindicates patency of the system. A negative test is not indicative ofdisease as the test is negative in a large percentage of normal animals.Fluorescein stain, then, can be added to irrigating solution toflush the nasolacrimal system, making detecting the irrigation solutionat the nose more obvious during flushing of the system. |
| Properties and Applications | brilliant yellow. Soluble in water and ethanol (with strong green fluorescent), water-soluble good. In strong sulfuric acid with weak for fluorescence yellow, it will be diluted with yellow precipitation. Its water solution and sodium hydroxide with dark green fluorescence for brunet solution. Mainly used for sea of target that fluorescent, facilitate aerial reconnaissance search. And can use significantly for the exploration of fluorescent groundwater. Can also be used for medicine and cosmetics shading, rarely used for silk printing and dyeing things. |
