Kerosene CAS 8008-20-6
Introduction：Basic information about Kerosene CAS 8008-20-6, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
Kerosene Basic information
| Product Name: | Kerosene |
| Synonyms: | KEROSINE;KEROSENE;KEROSENE WHITE;aviationturbinefuel(non-specificname);coaloil;coal-oil;deobase;deodorizedkerosene |
| CAS: | 8008-20-6 |
| MF: | N/A |
| MW: | 0 |
| EINECS: | 232-366-4 |
| Product Categories: | 1 |
| Mol File: | Mol File |
Kerosene Chemical Properties
| Melting point | 24-25 °C |
| Boiling point | 175-325 °C(lit.) |
| density | 0.8 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| vapor density | 4.5 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 0.23 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index | n |
| Fp | 179 °F |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| form | Liquid |
| color | Light Yellow |
| Odor | Characteristic; like fuel oil. |
| explosive limit | 5% |
| Merck | 14,5294 |
| Dielectric constant | 1.8（21℃） |
| Stability: | Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Cosmetics Ingredients Functions | VISCOSITY CONTROLLING SOLVENT |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Kerosene (8008-20-6) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | Xn,N,F |
| Risk Statements | 65-67-62-51/53-48/20-38-11-40 |
| Safety Statements | 23-24-62-61-36/37-16 |
| OEB | A |
| OEL | TWA: 100 mg/m3 |
| RIDADR | 1223 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | OA5500000 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 442 °F |
| TSCA | TSCA listed |
| HazardClass | 3 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| HS Code | 27101919 |
| Storage Class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| Hazard Classifications | Aquatic Chronic 2 Asp. Tox. 1 Skin Irrit. 2 STOT SE 3 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 8008-20-6(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rabbits: 28 ml/kg (Deichmann) |
| Description | Kerosene is primarily derived from refined petroleum. Kerosenewas discovered in 1853 by Abraham Gesner, a Britishphysician, through an extraction process of inflammable liquidfrom asphalt, a waxy petroleum mixture. Kerosene, therefore, isoften called coal or fuel oil because of its asphalt origins.Kerosene was the first material to be chemically extracted ona large commercial scale. |
| Chemical Properties | Kerosene is a white to pale yellow, mobile flammable, andcombustible liquid. Kerosene (hydrodesulfurized) is a complexcombination of hydrocarbons obtained from a petroleumstock by treating with hydrogen to convert organicsulfur to hydrogen sulfide, which is removed. Kerosenegenerally consists of hydrocarbons having carbon numberspredominantly in the range of C9 through C16 and boiling inthe range of approximately 150–290℃ （302–554°F). |
| Chemical Properties | yellow liquid |
| Uses | Usually used to store alkali metals and prevent air re-dissolution. |
| Uses | In kerosene lamps, flares, and stoves; as degreaser and cleaner; Deobase formerly used as a solvent in cosmetics and in fly spray. |
| Uses | Kerosene, originally used for lighting and heating, is also usedas a diesel fuel, as a component in blending aviation fuels, asa solvent and carrier for a wide range of products (includingcleaning compositions and pesticides), and as a mold-releaseagent in the ceramic and pottery industry. |
| Production Methods | Kerosene is produced by direct fractionation of the “middledistillate fraction”. Individual kerosene compositionvaries widely, but consists mainly of linear and branchedaliphatics, olefins, cycloparaffins, and aromatics in theC10–C16 range. For indoor heating fuels itis desirable to remove the olefins, aromatics, and sulfurcompounds, because they promote the evolution ofsoot and sulfur oxides. For some purposes, highly refined or“deodorized” kerosene is manufactured by treatment withactivated charcoal or by clay filtration and is generallyless toxic than untreated kerosene. |
| Definition | Straight Run, Kerosene (petroleum). A complex combination of hydrocarbons produced by the distillation of crude oil. It consists of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C9 through C16 and boiling in the range of approximately 180.degree.C to 300.degree.C (356.degree.F to 572.degree.F). |
| General Description | A clear colorless to light amber liquid with a petroleum odor. Flash point 100°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Highly flammable. Insoluble in water. |
| Reactivity Profile | Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, contained in Kerosene, may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring of the hydrocarbon may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons are mostly unreactive. They are not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents. |
| Hazard | Moderate fire risk, explosive limits in air0.7–5.0%. Toxic by inhalation. Questionable carcinogen. |
| Health Hazard | Vapor causes slight irritation of eyes and nose. Liquid irritates stomach; if taken into lungs, causes coughing, distress, and rapidly developing pulmonary edema. |
| Flammability and Explosibility | Flammable |
| Chemical Reactivity | Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent. |
| Potential Exposure | AgriculturalChemical; Tumorigen, Mutagen, Human Data; PrimaryIrritant; (petroleum, hydrotreated) Tumorigen. Kerosene isused as a fuel for lamps, stoves, jets, and rockets. It is alsoused for degreasing and cleaning metals and as a vehiclefor insecticides. Jet fuels JP-5 and JP-8 are used as aircraftfuels by the military. JP-8 is the primary jet fuel used bythe US Navy and Air Force. Kerosene is the primary component of both JP-5 and JP-8. |
| First aid | If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. |
| Environmental Fate | Kerosene is composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons with10–16 carbons per molecule and benzene and naphthalenederivatives. Because kerosene is a complex mixture of varioushydrocarbon fractions, its transport and transformation in theenvironment are dependent on the environment fate of theindividual hydrocarbons that comprise it. Kerosene can enterthe environment because of its uses – engine fuels, domesticheating, pesticide, and solvent. Environmental releases ofkerosene predominantly results in portioning to air. The halflifereaction is calculated to be 0.27–2.2 days. Photodegenerationis rapid in the air phase. Kerosene is expected tohave low mobility and some immobility when released to soil.Volatilization does occur. Kerosene is biodegradable in soil,although some components of the mixture adhere strongly tothe soil. Kerosene is also biodegradable in surface water.However, some components of the mixture may bioconcentratein fish and other aquatic organisms. Hydrolysis isinsignificant because kerosene lacks the functional groups thathydrolyze under environmental conditions. |
| storage | Color Code—Red: Flammability Hazard: Store ina flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet awayfrom ignition sources and corrosive and reactive materials.Prior to working with this chemical you should be trainedon its proper handling and storage. Before entering confinedspace where this chemical may be present, check to makesure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Store intightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated areaaway from oxidizers. Metal containers involving thetransfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded.Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums orother storage containers to process containers. Drums mustbe equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuumbungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparking tools andequipment, especially when opening and closing containersof this chemical. Sources of ignition, such as smoking andopen flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used,handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potentialfire or explosion hazard. Wherever this chemical is used,handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proofelectrical equipment and fittings. |
| Shipping | Kerosene requires a shipping label of“POISONOUS/TOXIC MATERIALS.” It falls in HazardClass 3 and Packing Group III. |
| Purification Methods | Stir it with conc H2SO4 until a fresh portion of acid remains colourless, then wash with water, dry with solid KOH and distil it in a Claisen flask. For more complete drying, the kerosene can be refluxed with Na, and distilled from Na. |
| Toxicity evaluation | The specific mechanism of toxicity of kerosene has not beencompletely determined. The primary risk from ingestion ofkerosene is aspiration during emesis, which may causepneumonitis. The biochemical mechanism of lung responseto large concentrations of aerosolized kerosene (resulting inbronchoconstriction and asthma-like symptoms) may involvethe parasympathetic nervous system via a direct effect on thevagus nerve or by inhibition of acety1cholinesterase. Themechanism(s) of central nervous system (CNS) depressionfrom kerosene exposure has not been elucidated, butundoubtedly includes disruption of the membranes of nervecells. |
| Incompatibilities | Explosive mixture in air. Oxidizers maycause fire and explosion hazard. Incompatible with nitricacid. May accumulate static electrical charges, and maycause ignition of its vapors. |
| Toxics Screening Level | The acute initial threshold screening level (ITSL) for kerosene-like petroleum distillatesis 2000 μg/m3, with 8-hour averaging time. |
Kerosene Preparation Products And Raw materials
| Preparation Products | Antirust agent-->lithium base grease-->Scandium oxide-->adhesive 2F of type Dongfeng-->adhesive of type Dongfeng F-->3-Chloropropyne-->adhesive of type Dongfeng-->Diesel engine lube oil-->Mosquito repellent incense-->Gasoline engine lube oil-->Sulfonated pitch-->Coating paste A |
