Malathion CAS 121-75-5
Introduction：Basic information about Malathion CAS 121-75-5, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
Malathion Basic information
| Product Name: | Malathion |
| Synonyms: | S-[1,2-DICARBETHOXYETHYL]-O,O-DIMETHYL-DITHIOPHOSPHATE;O,O-Dimethyl S-(1,2-dicarbethoxyethyl) dithiophosphate;O,O-DIETHYL S-[1,2-DI(ETHOXYCARBONYL)ETHYL]PHOSPHORODITHIOATE;PHOSPHOTHION(R);((dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio)-butanedioicacidiethylester;[(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio]-butanedioicacidiethylester;1,2-di(ethoxycarbonyl)ethylo,o-dimethylphosphorodithioate;4049 |
| CAS: | 121-75-5 |
| MF: | C10H19O6PS2 |
| MW: | 330.36 |
| EINECS: | 204-497-7 |
| Product Categories: | Sulfur & Selenium Compounds;Metal Isotopes;INSECTICIDE;EKOMINE;2000/60/ECMore...Close...;Alpha sort;Endocrine Disruptors (Draft)Pesticides&Metabolites;H-MAlphabetic;MA - MDPesticides;2000/60/EC;AcaricidesMethod Specific;Endocrine Disruptors (Draft)Alphabetic;EPA;European Community: ISO and DIN;Insecticides;M;OrganophorousMethod Specific;Pesticides;Pesticides&Metabolites |
| Mol File: | 121-75-5.mol |
Malathion Chemical Properties
| Melting point | 2.85°C |
| Boiling point | 156°C |
| density | 1.2076 |
| vapor pressure | 7.95 at 25 °C (gas saturation method-GC, Kim et al., 1984) |
| refractive index | nD25 1.4985 |
| Fp | -18 °C |
| storage temp. | APPROX 4°C |
| solubility | Slightly soluble in water, miscible with acetone, with cyclohexane, with ethanol (96 per cent) and with vegetable oils. |
| form | liquid |
| color | Light yellow to yellow |
| Specific Gravity | 1.23 (25℃) |
| biological source | human |
| Water Solubility | 0.0145 g/100 mL |
| Specific Activity | 15-21nmol/min·mg |
| Henry's Law Constant | (x 10-9 atm?m3/mol):4.89 at 25 °C (wetted-wall column, Fendinger and Glotfelty, 1990) |
| Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 10 mg/m3, IDLH 250 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: TWA15 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 mg/m3. |
| Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, metals. |
| Major Application | agriculture |
| InChI | 1S/C10H19O6PS2/c1-5-15-9(11)7-8(10(12)16-6-2)19-17(18,13-3)14-4/h8H,5-7H2,1-4H3 |
| InChIKey | JXSJBGJIGXNWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CCOC(=O)CC(SP(=S)(OC)OC)C(=O)OCC |
| LogP | 2.360 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 121-75-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| IARC | 2A (Vol. 30, Sup 7, 112) 2017 |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Malathion(121-75-5) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Malathion (121-75-5) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | Xn;N,N,Xn,F |
| Risk Statements | 22-50/53-67-65-38-11-43 |
| Safety Statements | 2-24-60-61-62-46-37-16 |
| OEB | B |
| OEL | TWA: 10 mg/m3 [skin] |
| RIDADR | UN 2783 |
| WGK Germany | WGK 3 |
| RTECS | WM8400000 |
| HazardClass | 6.1(b) |
| PackingGroup | III |
| HS Code | 29309090 |
| Storage Class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| Hazard Classifications | Aquatic Acute 1 Aquatic Chronic 1 Asp. Tox. 1 Flam. Liq. 2 Skin Irrit. 2 STOT SE 3 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 121-75-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 in female, male rats (mg/kg): 1000, 1375 orally (Gaines) |
| IDLA | 250 mg/m3 |
| Description | Malathion, a clear amber liquid, is sparingly soluble in water but soluble in a majority oforganic solvents. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) grouped malathionunder GUP, meaning general use pesticide. It is used as an insecticide as well asan acaricide for the control of pests. Malathion is used for the control of sucking insectsand chewing insects on fruits and vegetables. Malathion is an effective insecticide for thecontrol of several household pests such as houseflies, cockroaches, mosquitoes, aphids,animal ectoparasites, and human head and body lice. Malathion is also found in formulationswith many other pesticides. |
| Chemical Properties | Malathion is a clear amber liquid. It is sparingly soluble in water, but soluble in a majority of organic solvents. The US EPA grouped malathion under GUP. It is used as an insecticide as well as an acaricide for the control of pests. Malathion is used for the control of sucking insects and chewing insects on fruits and vegetables, and is an effective insecticide for the control of several household pests, such as housefl ies, cockroaches, mosquitos, aphids, animal ectoparasites, and human head and body lice. It is also found in formulations with many other pesticides |
| Chemical Properties | Malathion is a deep-brown to yellow liquidwith a garlic-like odor. Clear and colorless when pure;freezing/melting point5 3C; |
| Physical properties | Clear, yellow to yellow-orange to brown liquid with an unpleasant garlic, skunk, or mercaptanslikeodor |
| Originator | Prioderm,Purdue Frederick,US,1982 |
| Uses | Malathion is used to control a wide spectrum of insect pests inmany types of crops and disease vectors in public health programmes.It is also used to control ectoparasites of both humans and animals. |
| Uses | Insecticide for control of sucking and chewing insects and spider mites on vegetables,fruits, ornamentals, field crops, greenhouses, gardens and forestry. |
| Uses | Used as an insecticide |
| Uses | Organophosphorus insecticide. |
| Uses | anticholinergic |
| Uses | Malation is a pestanal and used primarily as an insecticide. |
| Definition | ChEBI: A diester that is butanedioate substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanediyl group at position 2. |
| Indications | Malathion (Ovide) is highly effective in the prevention and treatment of pediculosis.It displays 95% ovicidal activity and has no scabicidal activity. It works throughcholinesterase inhibition. |
| Manufacturing Process | The feed materials for malathion manufacture are O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioic acid and diethyl maleate or fumarate which react according to the equation: An antipolymerization agent such as hydroquinone may be added to thereaction mixture to inhibit the polymerization of the maleate or fumaratecompound under the reaction conditions. This reaction is preferably carriedout at a temperature within the range of 20°C to 150°C. This reaction ispreferably carried out at atmospheric pressure. Reaction time of 16 to 24hours have been specified for this reaction by J.T. Cassaday. The reaction ispreferably carried out in a solvent such as the low molecular weight aliphaticmonohydric alcohols, ketones, aliphatic esters, aromatic hydrocarbons ortrialkyl phosphates. The reaction may be accelerated by using an aliphatic tertiary amine catalyst,usually within the range of 0.2 to 2.0% based on the total weight of thereactants. A stirred, jacketed reactor of conventional design may be used.After cooling, the reaction mixture may be taken up in benzene. It is thenwashed with 10% Na2CO3 and with water. The organic layer is dried overanhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the final productas residue. |
| Therapeutic Function | Pediculicide |
| General Description | Yellow to dark-brown liquid with a skunk-like odor. Sinks in water. Freezing point is 37°F. |
| General Description | Malathion, 2-[(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio]butanedioic acid diethyl ester, is a water-insolublephosphodithioate ester that has been used as an agriculturalinsecticide. Malathion is a poor inhibitor of cholinesterases.Its effectiveness as a safe insecticide is a result of the differentrates at which humans and insects metabolize the chemical.Microsomal oxidation, which causes desulfuration,occurs slowly to form the phosphothioate (malaoxon),which is 10,000 times more active than the phosphodithioate(malathion) as a cholinesterase inhibitor. Insects detoxifythe phosphothioate by a phosphatase, forming dimethylphosphorothioate, which is inactive as an inhibitor.Humans, however, can rapidly hydrolyze malathion by acarboxyesterase enzyme, yielding malathion acid, a stillpoorer inhibitor of AChE. Phosphatases and carboxyesterasesfurther metabolize malathion acid to dimethylphosphothioate. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Insoluble in water. |
| Reactivity Profile | Malathion is a yellow to brown liquid that solidifies at 2.9° C, moderately toxic. Organic phosphate insecticide, acts as an inhibitor of cholinesterase. When heated to decomposition Malathion emits toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur and phosphorus [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 789]. |
| Hazard | Absorbed by skin, cholinesterase inhibitor.Questionable carcinogen. |
| Health Hazard | Acute and prolonged period of exposures to high concentrations of malathion cause poisoning in animals and humans. The symptoms of poisoning include, but are not limited to, numbness, tingling sensations, incoordination, headache, dizziness, tremor, nausea, abdominal cramps, sweating, blurred vision, diffi culty breathing or respiratory depression, and slow heart beat. Very high doses may result in unconsciousness, incontinence, and convulsions, or fatality. Malathion did not indicate any kind of delayed neurotoxicity in experimental studies with hens. Reports have indicated that because of and accidental exposures through severe skin absorption, malathion caused poisoning and fatalities among workers associated with the malaria control operations in Pakistan. In certain cases, development of pulmonary fi brosis following the poisoning has also been observed. Reports have indicated that malathion is neither mutagenic nor teratogenic to animals and humans. In animals, malathion induced liver carcinogenicity at doses that were considered excessive. However, available information is not adequate to confi rm the carcinogenicity of malathion to animals and humans. The IARC has determined that malathion is unclassifi able as to its carcinogenicity to humans. The IARC observed that the available data do not provide evidence that malathion or its metabolite malaoxon is carcinogenic to experimental animals and there is no data on humans and classifi ed as Group 3 meaning, not classifi able as to carcinogenicity for humans. |
| Health Hazard | Exposure to fumes from a fire or to liquid causes headache, blurred vision, constricted pupils of the eyes, weakness, nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and tightness in the chest. Muscles twitch and convulsions may follow. The symptoms may develop over a period of 8 hours. |
| Health Hazard | Cholinesterase inhibitor; toxic propertiessimilar to those of parathion; however,less toxic than parathion; moderately toxicby ingestion and possibly other routes ofexposure; toxic symptoms include excessivesalivation, lacrimation, blurred vision, con-striction of the pupils, nausea, vomiting,abdominal pain, and difficulty in breathing;also coma and death can result form largeintake; ingestion of 10–25 g could be fatalto adult humans; skin contact can produceallergic sensitization reaction; also absorbedthrough skin, causing systemic poisoning;experimental teratogen; LD50 data reportedin the literature show wide variation. LD50 oral (rate): 300–2800 mg/kg LD50 skin (mouse): 2000–3000 mg/kg Benslama et al. (2004) have reported twounusual cases of malathion poisoning with arare-type of complication from “intermediatesyndrome” arising 2 to 4 days after the onsetof cholinergic effects. The symptoms wererespiratory paresis with difficulties of wean-ing from assisted respiratory, deficit of proximal limbs, neck flexors and cranial nerves.The authors attributed this syndrome to pro-longed inhibition of acetyl-cholinesterasesand not to any muscular fiber’s necrosis. |
| Agricultural Uses | nsecticide: Not approved for use in EU countries. Malathionis a non-systemic, wide-spectrum organophosphate insecticide.It was one of the earliest organophosphate insecticidesdeveloped (introduced in 1950). Malathion is suitedfor the control of sucking and chewing insects on fruits,vegetables, citrus, cotton, corn, sorghum, ornamentals andstored products, and is also used to control mosquitoes,flies, household insects, farm and livestock parasites (ectoparasites),and head and body lice. Malathion may also befound in formulations with many other pesticides; the U.S.EPA lists 2,283 current and canceled labels of productscontaining malathion. Malathion is marketed as 99.6%technical grade liquid. Available formulations include wettablepowders (25% and 50%), emulsifiable concentrates,dusts and aerosols. |
| Trade name | AI3-17034®; AGRICHEMGREENFLY SPRAY®; ALCO® Malathion; ALLPURPOSE GARDEN INSECTICIDE®; AMERICANCYANAMID 4,049®; ATRAPA 5E®; BAN-MITE®;CALMATHION®; CARBETOVUR®; CARBETOX®;CELTHION®; CHEMATHION®; CIMEXAN®;COMPOUND 4049®; CROMOCIDE®; CYTHION®;SPRAY CONCENTRATE®; CYTHION®; DETMOLMA®; DETMOL® 96%; DETMOL MALATHION®;DURAMITEX®; EMMATOS EXTRA®; EL4049®; EMMATON®; EMMATOS®; ETIOL®;EVESHIELD CAPTAN/MALATHION®; EXATHIOS®;EXTERMATHION®; FYAFANON®; FISONSGREENFLY AND BLACKFLY KILLER®; FOG®3; FORMAL®; FORTHION®; FOSFOTHION®;FOSFOTION®; FYFANON®; ETHIOLACAR®;GREEN DEVIL®; GREENFLY AEROSOLSPRAY®; HILTHION®; KARBOFOS®; KOPTHION®; KYPFOS®; MALACIDE®; MALAFOR®;MALAGRAN®; MALAKILL®; MALAMAR®;MALASOL®; MALASPRAY®; MALATAF®;MALATHION 60®; MALATHION E50®; MALATOL®;MALTOX®; MOSCARDA®; ORTHO MALATHION®;PBI CROP SAVER®; PRENTOX®; PRIODERM®;PROKIL® Malathion; SADOFOS®; SADOPHOS®;SF® 60; SIPTOX I®; SUMITOX®; TAK®; TM-4049®;VETIOL®; ZITHIOL® |
| Contact allergens | This organophosphorus pesticide is used as an insecticide and an acaricide, particularly against head lice. Sensitization was reported in farmers. |
| Safety Profile | A human poison by ingestion and skin contact. Can penetrate intact skin. An experimental poison by ingesuon, inhalation, intraperitoneal, intravenous, intraarterial, and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: coma, blood pressure depression, and dfficulty in breathmg. Questionable carcinogen. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Has caused allerglc sensitization of the skin. An organic phosphate cholinesterase inhibitor. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of POx and SOx. See also PHOSPHATES and PARATHION. |
| Potential Exposure | Malathion is marketed as 99.6%technical grade liquid. Available formulations includewetable powders (25% and 50%), emulsifiable concentrates, dusts, and aerosols. Malathion is used as a broadspectrum insecticide and acaricide in the control of certaininsect pests on fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.It has been used in the control of houseflies, mosquitoes,lice; and on farm and livestock animals. |
| First aid | If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Speed in removing material from skinis of extreme importance. Shampoo hair promptly if contaminated. Seek medical attention immediately. If thischemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, beginrescue breathing (using universal precautions, includingresuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.Note to physician or trained medical personnel: Administeratropine, 2 mg (0.030 g) intramuscularly or intravenously assoon as any local or systemic signs or symptoms of anintoxication are noted; repeat the administration of atropineevery 3°8 min until signs of atropinization (mydriasis, drymouth, rapid pulse, hot and dry skin) occur; initiate treatment in children with 1 mg of atropine. Watch respirationand remove bronchial secretions if they appear to beobstructing the airway; intubate if necessary. Give 2-PAM(Pralidoxime; Protopam), 2.5 g in 100 mL of sterile wateror in 5% dextrose and water, intravenously, slowly, in15°30 min; if sufficient fluid is not available, give 1 g of2-PAM in 3 mL of distilled water by deep intramuscularinjection; repeat this every half hour if respiration weakensor if muscle fasciculation or convulsions recur. |
| Carcinogenicity | There was no evidence of carcinogenicityin rats given diets that contained 4700 or8150 ppm (about 270 mg/kg and 466 mg/kg) for 80 weeksand observed for an additional 33 weeks, in rats given dietsthat contained 2000 or 4000 ppm malathion (about 115 mg/kg/day and 230 mg/kg/day) for 103 weeks, or in rats givendiets that contained 500 or 1000 ppm malaoxon for 103weeks . |
| Environmental Fate | Biological. Walker (1976) reported that 97% of malathion added to both sterile andnonsterile estuarine water was degraded after incubation in the dark for 18 days. Completedegradation was obtained after 25 days. Malathion degraded fastest in nonsterile soils anddecomposed faster in soils that were sterilized by gamma radiation than in soils that weresterilized by autoclaving. After 1 day of incubation, the amounts of malathion degradationthat occurred in autoclaved, irradiated and nonsterile soils were 7, 90 and 97%, respectively(Getzin and Rosefield, 1968). Degradation of malathion in organic-rich soils was 3 to 6times higher than in soils not containing organic matter. The half-life in an organic-richsoil was about 1 day (Gibson and Burns, 1977). Malathion was degraded by soil microcosmsisolated from an agricultural area on Kauai, HI. Degradation half-lives in the laboratory and field experiments were 8.2 and 2 hours, respectively. Dimethyl phosphorodithioicacid and diethyl fumarate were identified as degradation products (Miles andTakashima, 1991). Mostafa et al. (1972) found the soil fungi Penicillium notatum, Aspergillusniger, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizobium trifolii and Rhizobium leguminosarum convertedmalathion to the following metabolites: malathion diacid, dimethyl phosphorothioate,dimethyl phosphorodithioate, dimethyl phosphate, monomethyl phosphate and thiophosphates.Malathion also degraded in groundwater and seawater but at a slower rate (halflife4.7 days). Microorganisms isolated from paper-mill effluents were responsible for theformation of malathion monocarboxylic acid (Singh and Seth, 1989). Paris et al. (1975) isolated a heterogenous bacterial population that was capable ofdegrading low concentrations of malathion to b-malathion monoacid. About 1% of theoriginal malathion concentration degraded to malathion dicarboxylic acid, O,O-dimethyl Matsumura and Bousch (1966) isolated carboxylesterase(s) enzymes from the soilfungus Trichoderma viride and a bacterium Pseudomonas sp. obtained from Ohio soilsamples that were capable of degrading malathion. Compounds identified included diethylmaleat Soil. In soil, malathion was degraded by Arthrobacter sp. to malathion monoacid,malathion dicarboxylic acid, potassium dimethyl phosphorothioate and potassium dimethylphosphorodithioate. After 10 days, degradation yields in sterile and nonsterile soilswere 8, 5, 19% and 92, 94, 81%, respectively (Walker and Stojanovic, 1974). Chen et al.(1969) reported that the microbial conversion of malathion to malathion monoacid was aresult of demethylation of the O-methyl group. Malathion was converted by unidentifiedmicroorganisms in soil to thiomalic acid, dimethyl thiophosphoric acid and diethylthiomaleate(Konrad et al., 1969). The half-lives for malathion in soil incubated in the laboratory under aerobic conditionsranged from 0.2 to 2.1 days with an average of 0.8 days (Konrad et al., 1969; Walker andStojanovic, 1973; Gibson and Burns, 1977). |
| Metabolic pathway | Malathon is a very widely used insecticide of low mammalian toxicity.Many studies have identified the products of degradation in a very widerange of organisms and the following is necessarily a selection of onlysome of them which have been used to illustrate the principles of itsmetabolism. The much more toxic isomalathion, which can be produced by heatingmalathion, is sometimes present in commercial samples and is a veryactive acetylcholinesterase dubitor. The principal route of malathionmetabolism in animals and plants is via de-esterification to the α- and β-malathionmonocarboxylic acids followed by further metabolism to thedicarboxylic acid. This is a facile esterase-catalysed detoxification routewhich is considered to be responsible for the low vertebrate toxicity ofmalathion. The analytical methods which have been used to determinethe structure of the metabolites have frequently not distinguishedbetween which monocarboxylic acid isomer is formed, and what evidencethere is is often equivocal as to which is actually produced. Malathion candecompose in aqueous solution via an elimination mechanism yieldingdiethyl fumarate and O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate; however,derivatives of fumaric acid are usually only encountered in smallamounts in vivo indicating that this is probably not an important route ofdetoxification. There is evidence that the dicarboxylic acid derivative isnot subject to this elimination reaction. Most studies indicate that theselective toxicity of malathion can be accounted for by the balancebetween bioactivation (oxidative desulfuration) yielding the activeacetylcholinesterase inhibitor malaoxon and detoxification via deesterification.Insecticide resistance is frequently found to involve the malathion-resistant insects being able to de-esterify malathion rapidly. |
| storage | Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, wellventilated, uninhabited area below 25℃. Store to avoidcontact with oxidizers and alkaline pesticides. Store wherepossible leakage from containers cannot endanger theworker. Maintain regular inspection of containers for anyleakage. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and openflames, are prohibited where this chemical is handled, used,or stored. |
| Shipping | UN2783 Organophosphorus pesticides, solid,toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials |
| Toxicity evaluation | Acute oral LD50 for rats: 1,375-2,800 mg/kg |
| Degradation | When heated, malathion waS isomerised via a thiono-thiolo rearrangementto yield isomalathion (2). This reaction proceeded rapidly above100 °C (O'Brien, 1956). [14C-succinyl]Malathion was hydrolysed rapidly inneutral and basic solution. The half-lives at pH values 5, 7 and 9 were107, 6.2 and 0.5 days, respectively, at 25 °C. The identified products ofhydrolysis were, in order of decreasing abundance, α- and β-malathionmonoacids (3 and 4), monoethyl fumarate (5), diethyl thiomalate (6) andmalathion dicarboxylic acid (7). Products were identified by TLC, GLCand MS (PSD, 1995). It was probable that the mechanism for the productionof monoethyl fumarate (5) involved a base-catalysed elimination (El)reaction of malathion monoacid with O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithloate(8) acting as the leaving group. In a second study which monitored theproducts of hydrolysis at pH 8 and 25 °C by GLC, diethyl fumarate (9) and O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate (8) were identified in addition tothe compounds found in the previous work. Higher temperaturesfavoured the formation of elimination (fumarate) products. Malathiondicarboxylic acid did not give any elimination products but insteadproduced O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate (10) and thiomalic acid (12).The end products of base-catalysed degradation of malathion werefumaric acid (11), O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate (8), O,O-dimethylphosphorothioate (10) and thiomalic acid (12) (PSD, 1995). The aqueous photolysis of malathion irradiated with a xenon arc lampwas studied in sterile water buffered at pH 4 in order to minimise hydrolyticand microbial breakdown. The half-life of the irradiated sample was98 days, approximately one-third of the value for a sample kept in thedark. The major metabolites which were identified in both the irradiatedand dark samples were the same although larger amounts were found inthe irradiated samples. These were desmethylmalathion (13), and the α-and β-malathion monoacids (3 and 4). Minor metabolites were diethyl maleate (14), monoethyl maleate (15) and diethyl thiomalate (6). Analysis was by TLC and HPLC (PSD, 1995). |
| Incompatibilities | Reacts violently with strong oxidizers,magnesium, alkaline pesticides. Attacks metals includingiron, steel, tin plate; lead, copper; and some plastics, coatings, and rubbers |
| Waste Disposal | Malathion is reported to be“hydrolyzed almost instantly” at pH 12; 50%; hydrolysis atpH 0 requires 12 hours. Alkaline hydrolysis under controlled conditions (0.5 n NaOH in ethanol) gives quantitative yields of (CH3O)2P(S)SNa, whereas hydrolysis inacidic media yields (CH3O)2P(S)OH. On prolonged contactwith iron or iron-containing material, it is reported to breakdown and completely lose insecticidal activity. Incinerationtogether with a flammable solvent in a furnace equippedwith afterburner and scrubber is recommended. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for thedisposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or bycontacting your local or federal environmental controlagency, or by contacting your regional EPA office |
Malathion Preparation Products And Raw materials
| Raw materials | Ethanol-->Methanol-->Maleic anhydride-->Phosphorus pentasulfide-->Phenethyl alcohol-->Dimethyl sulfide-->Maleic acid-->Petroleum crude oil-->Dimethoate-->Dimethylphosphorodithioate-->Diethyl maleate |
| Preparation Products | Fenvalerate+Malathion,E.C.-->Fenvalerate+Malathion,E.C.(21%)-->Deltamethrin+Malathion,E.C.-->Diethyl malate |
