CAS 78755-81-4|Flumazenil
Introduction：Basic information about CAS 78755-81-4|Flumazenil, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
| Common Name | Flumazenil | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 78755-81-4 | Molecular Weight | 303.288 |
| Density | 1.4±0.1 g/cm3 | Boiling Point | 528.0±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Molecular Formula | C15H14FN3O3 | Melting Point | 201-203°C |
| MSDS | ChineseUSA | Flash Point | 273.1±30.1 °C |
Names
| Name | flumazenil |
|---|---|
| Synonym | More Synonyms |
Flumazenil BiologicalActivity
| Description | Flumazenil is a competitive GABAA receptor antagonist, used in the treatment of benzodiazepine overdoses. |
|---|---|
| Related Catalog | Signaling Pathways >>Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >>GABA ReceptorSignaling Pathways >>Neuronal Signaling >>GABA ReceptorResearch Areas >>Neurological Disease |
| In Vivo | Flumazenil interacts at the central benzodiazepine receptor to antagonize or reverse the behavioral, neurologic, and electrophysiologic effects of benzodiazepine agonists and inverse agonists. Flumazenil is of some benefit in hepatic encephalopathy, but until well-designed clinical trials are conducted, hepatic encephalopathy must be considered an investigational indication for flumazenil. Flumazenil has been shown to reverse sedation caused by intoxication with benzodiazepines alone or benzodiazepines in combination with other agents, but it should not be used when cyclic antidepressant intoxication is suspected[1]. Flumazenil (1 mg/kg) induces a strong anxiolytic effect in BALB/c mice tested in the elevated plus maze and light/dark test[2]. Flumazenil (10 mg/kg) effectively prevents the reduction produced by allopregnanolone in rats[3]. Flumazenil (5-20 mg/kg) antagonizes the anticonvulsant and adverse effects of diazepam but not GYKI 52466 in mice. Flumazenil slightly reduces the anticonvulsant activity of NBQX in the MES model but not in the PTZ test[4]. Flumazenil (3.0 mg/kg) blocks the changes withdrawal from chronic ethanol treatment, which leads to a decrease in open arm time and percent open arm entries[5]. |
| Animal Admin | Flumazenil is administered intraperitoneally in a volume of 10 mL/kg body weight 20 min before experimental testing. Two polyvinylchloride boxes (20×20×14 cm) covered with Plexiglas are connected by an opaque plastic tunnel (5×7×10 cm). One of these boxes is darkened. A light from a 100-W desk lamp 40 cm above the other box provided the only room illumination. This light level (300 lux) is chosen in order to avoid strain differences to be detected on time in the lit box (a measure of anxiety behaviour) in control animals. Indeed, in previous experiments, the BALB/c mice differ from C57BL/6 only in the high light condition. The subjects are individually tested in 5-min sessions between 1400 and 1700 hours. Mice are placed in the lit box to start the test session. The time spent in the lit box and the number of transitions from the dark box to the lit one are recorded after the first entry in the tunnel. |
| References | [1]. Hoffman EJ, et al. Flumazenil: a benzodiazepine antagonist. Clin Pharm. 1993 Sep;12(9):641-56; quiz 699-701. [2]. Belzung C, et al. Flumazenil induces benzodiazepine partial agonist-like effects in BALB/c but not C57BL/6 mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2000 Jan;148(1):24-32. [3]. Fernandez-Guasti A, et al. Flumazenil blocks the anxiolytic action of allopregnanolone. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Jul 25;281(1):113-5. [4]. Loscher W, et al. Effects of the non-NMDA antagonists NBQX and the 2,3-benzodiazepine GYKI 52466 on different seizure types in mice: comparison with diazepam and interactions with flumazenil. Br J Pharmacol. 1994 Dec;113(4):1349-57. [5]. Moy SS, et al. Flumazenil blockade of anxiety following ethanol withdrawal in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1997 Jun;131(4):354-60. |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| Density | 1.4±0.1 g/cm3 |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 528.0±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Melting Point | 201-203°C |
| Molecular Formula | C15H14FN3O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 303.288 |
| Flash Point | 273.1±30.1 °C |
| Exact Mass | 303.101929 |
| PSA | 64.43000 |
| LogP | 0.67 |
| Appearance of Characters | solid | white |
| Vapour Pressure | 0.0±1.4 mmHg at 25°C |
| Index of Refraction | 1.634 |
| InChIKey | OFBIFZUFASYYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CCOC(=O)c1ncn2c1CN(C)C(=O)c1cc(F)ccc1-2 |
| Storage condition | 2-8°C |
| Water Solubility | 128 mg/L |
Toxicological Information
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION |
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA - TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 5700 ng/kg/C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction) Cardiac - change in rate
- REFERENCE :
- BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House, Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year: 304,1415,1992
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2 mg/kg/2D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - aggression
- REFERENCE :
- LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823- Volume(issue)/page/year: 339,488,1992
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 4 ug/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Cardiac - EKG changes not diagnostic of specified effects Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP
- REFERENCE :
- PECAE5 Pediatric Emergency Care. (Williams & Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,186,1995
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 4200 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)
- REFERENCE :
- JTCEEM Journal de Toxicologie Clinique et Experimentale. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.5- 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,223,1987
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1360 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- DRFUD4 Drugs of the Future. (J.R. Prous, S.A., Apartado de Correos 540, 08080 Barcelona, Spain) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,402,1982
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 85 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)
- REFERENCE :
- JTCEEM Journal de Toxicologie Clinique et Experimentale. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.5- 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,223,1987
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1300 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)
- REFERENCE :
- JTCEEM Journal de Toxicologie Clinique et Experimentale. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.5- 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,223,1987
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 4 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- DRFUD4 Drugs of the Future. (J.R. Prous, S.A., Apartado de Correos 540, 08080 Barcelona, Spain) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,402,1982
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >1 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,201,1992
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 143 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)
- REFERENCE :
- JTCEEM Journal de Toxicologie Clinique et Experimentale. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.5- 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,223,1987
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >640 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,201,1992
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >30 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,201,1992
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)
- REFERENCE :
- JTCEEM Journal de Toxicologie Clinique et Experimentale. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.5- 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,223,1987 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 21 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 14-20 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
- REFERENCE :
- PNPPD7 Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.6- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,151,1993
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 220 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 11-21 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
- REFERENCE :
- GEPHDP General Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.6- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,43,1991
Safety Information
| Personal Protective Equipment | Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter |
|---|---|
| Hazard Codes | Xi |
| Risk Phrases | R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin . |
| Safety Phrases | S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice . S27:Take off immediately all contaminated clothing . S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection . |
| RIDADR | NONH for all modes of transport |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | NI2922170 |
| HS Code | 2933990090 |
Customs
| HS Code | 2933990090 |
|---|---|
| Summary | 2933990090. heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0% |
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Synonyms
| Romazicon |
| Lanexat |
| Anexate |
| Ethyl 8-fluoro-5-methyl-6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-benzo[f]imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]diazepine-3-carboxylate |
| Ro-15-1788 |
| Ro 15-1788 |
| YM-684 |
| Ro 1722 |
| Ethyl 8-fluoro-5-methyl-6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate |
| 4H-Imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylic acid, 8-fluoro-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-, ethyl ester |
| Mazicon |
| Flumazenil |
| FMZ |
| Flumazepil |
| 8-Fluoro-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester |
| Ethyl-8-fluoro-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate |
| 4H-Imidazo(1,5-a)(1,4)benzodiazepine-3-carboxylic acid, 8-fluoro-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-, ethyl ester |
| MFCD00242764 |
