CAS 640-79-9|Glycochenodeoxycholic acid
Introduction：Basic information about CAS 640-79-9|Glycochenodeoxycholic acid, including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
| Common Name | Glycochenodeoxycholic acid | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 640-79-9 | Molecular Weight | 449.62300 |
| Density | / | Boiling Point | / |
| Molecular Formula | C26H43NO5 | Melting Point | / |
| MSDS | / | Flash Point | / |
Names
| Name | glycochenodeoxycholic acid |
|---|---|
| Synonym | More Synonyms |
Glycochenodeoxycholic acid BiologicalActivity
| Description | Glycochenodeoxycholic acid is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine; used to induce hepatocyte apoptosis in research. |
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| Related Catalog | Signaling Pathways >>Apoptosis >>ApoptosisResearch Areas >>CancerNatural Products >>Steroids |
| Target | Human Endogenous Metabolite |
| In Vitro | Chenodeoxycholate is toxic to hepatocytes, and accumulation of chenodeoxycholate in the liver during cholestasis may potentiate hepatocellular injury. At a concentration of 250μM, glycochenodeoxycholate is more toxic than either chenodeoxycholate or taurochenodeoxycholate. Glycochenodeoxycholate cytotoxicity may result from ATP depletion followed by a subsequent rise in Ca2+. The rise in Ca2+ leads to an increase in calcium-dependent degradative proteolysis and, ultimately, cell death[1]. 4 h exposure of 50 μM GCDC induces apoptosis in 42% of hepatocytes. Intracellular PKC activity decreased to 44% of controls 2 h after exposure of hepatocytes to GCDC. GCDC-induced apoptosis is associated with decreases in total cellular PKC activity, which appear to be dependent on intracellular calpain-like protease activity[2]. |
| In Vivo | GCDCA induces ER-related calcium release within about ten seconds. Significant increases in activities of calpain and caspase-12 are observed after 15 h of GCDCA treatment. Bip and Chop mRNA expressions are increased with the treated GCDCA dose and incubation time. Cytochrome c release from mitochondria peaks in about 2 h of incubation[3]. |
| Animal Admin | Rats: The freshly isolated hepatocytes are preincubated for 2 h at a density of 1× 106 cells/mL in a mixture of William’s E medium supplement with 10% FBS. Isolated rat hepatocytes are incubated in William’s E medium with or without (used as a control) GCDCA (50, 100 and 300 μM), or TG (1, 2 and 5 μM) for 1-24 h[3]. |
| References | [1]. Spivey JR, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholate-induced lethal hepatocellular injury in rat hepatocytes. Role of ATP depletion and cytosolic free calcium. J Clin Invest. 1993 Jul;92(1):17-24. [2]. Gonzalez B, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) induced hepatocyte apoptosis is associated with early modulation of intracellular PKC activity. Mol Cell Biochem. 2000 Apr;207(1-2):19-27. [3]. Tsuchiya S, et al. Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum in glycochenodeoxycholic acid-induced apoptosis in rathepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 2006 Oct 10;166(2):140-9. |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C26H43NO5 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 449.62300 |
| Exact Mass | 449.31400 |
| PSA | 110.35000 |
| LogP | 4.43440 |
| InChIKey | GHCZAUBVMUEKKP-GYPHWSFCSA-N |
| SMILES | CC(CCC(=O)NCC(=O)O)C1CCC2C3C(O)CC4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C |
| Storage condition | -20°C |
Synonyms
| Chenodeoxycholylglycine |
| [3H]-Glycylchenodeoxycholic acid |
| [14C]-Glycylchenodeoxycholic acid |
| 2-[[(4R)-4-[(3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoyl]amino]acetic acid |
| Glycine chenodeoxycholate |
| Chenodeoxyglycocholic acid |
| Chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate |
| Glycochenodeoxycholate |
| Chenodeoxyglycocholate |
