CAS 16595-80-5|Levamisole (hydrochloride)
Introduction：Basic information about CAS 16595-80-5|Levamisole (hydrochloride), including its chemical name, molecular formula, synonyms, physicochemical properties, and safety information, etc.
| Common Name | Levamisole (hydrochloride) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 16595-80-5 | Molecular Weight | 240.752 |
| Density | / | Boiling Point | 344.4ºC at 760 mmHg |
| Molecular Formula | C11H13ClN2S | Melting Point | 226-231ºC |
| MSDS | ChineseUSA | Flash Point | 162.1ºC |
| Symbol | GHS06 | Signal Word | Danger |
Names
| Name | Levamisole hydrochloride |
|---|---|
| Synonym | More Synonyms |
Levamisole (hydrochloride) BiologicalActivity
| Description | Levamisole Hcl is an anthelmintic and immunomodulator belonging to a class of synthetic imidazothiazole derivatives.IC50 value: Target: Levamisole suppresses the production of white blood cells, resulting in neutropenia and agranulocytosis. With the increasing use of levamisole as an adulterant, a number of these complications have been reported among cocaine users [1] [2]. Levamisole reversibly and noncompetitively inhibits most isoforms of alkaline phosphatase (e.g., human liver, bone, kidney, and spleen) except the intestinal and placental isoform [3]. It is thus used as an inhibitor along with substrate to reduce background alkaline phosphatase activity in biomedical assays involving detection signal amplification by intestinal alkaline phosphatase, for example in in situ hybridization or Western blot protocols. It is used to immobilize the nematode C. elegans on glass slides for imaging. |
|---|---|
| Related Catalog | Signaling Pathways >>Anti-infection >>ParasiteResearch Areas >>Neurological Disease |
| References | [1]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Agranulocytosis associated with cocaine use - four States, March 2008-November 2009.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009 Dec 18;58(49):1381-5. [2]. Zhu NY, et al. Agranulocytosis after consumption of cocaine adulterated with levamisole. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Feb 17;150(4):287-9. [3]. Van Belle H. Alkaline phosphatase. I. Kinetics and inhibition by levamisole of purified isoenzymes from humans. Clin Chem. 1976 Jul;22(7):972-6. |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| Boiling Point | 344.4ºC at 760 mmHg |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | 226-231ºC |
| Molecular Formula | C11H13ClN2S |
| Molecular Weight | 240.752 |
| Flash Point | 162.1ºC |
| Exact Mass | 240.048798 |
| PSA | 40.90000 |
| LogP | 2.32160 |
| Index of Refraction | -126 ° (C=1， H2O) |
| InChIKey | LAZPBGZRMVRFKY-HNCPQSOCSA-N |
| SMILES | Cl.c1ccc(C2CN3CCSC3=N2)cc1 |
| Storage condition | 2~8°C |
Toxicological Information
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION |
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA - TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 180 mg/kg/36D
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - thrombocytopenia
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 180 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 42 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 80 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 26 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 223 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 34 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 52 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 18 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intramuscular
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 121 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Parenteral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Amphibian - frog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 363 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 10800 mg/kg/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Blood - normocytic anemia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 10800 mg/kg/26W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1800 mg/kg/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Blood - normocytic anemia Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 330 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 7-17 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 480 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 19-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 4 day(s) post-birth
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 750 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 19-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 2125 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 19-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
MUTATION DATA - TEST SYSTEM :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 10 mg/kg
- REFERENCE :
- CCROBU Cancer Chemotherapy Reports, Part 1. (Washington, DC) V.52(6)-59, 1968-75. For publisher information, see CTRRDO. Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,531,1975
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 10 mg/kg
- REFERENCE :
- CCROBU Cancer Chemotherapy Reports, Part 1. (Washington, DC) V.52(6)-59, 1968-75. For publisher information, see CTRRDO. Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,531,1975
Safety Information
| Symbol | GHS06 |
|---|---|
| Signal Word | Danger |
| Hazard Statements | H301 |
| Precautionary Statements | Missing Phrase - N15.00950417 |
| Personal Protective Equipment | Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges |
| Hazard Codes | T:Toxic |
| Risk Phrases | R25 |
| Safety Phrases | S28-S45 |
| RIDADR | UN 2811 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | NJ5960000 |
| Packaging Group | III |
| Hazard Class | 6.1(b) |
| HS Code | 2933290090 |
Customs
| HS Code | 2933290090 |
|---|---|
| Summary | 2933290090. other compounds containing an unfused imidazole ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0% |
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Synonyms
| (-)-Tetramisole hydrochloride |
| Solaskil |
| Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole, 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenyl-, (6S)-, hydrochloride (1:1) |
| Spartakon |
| Levamisol hydrochloride |
| (-)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole hydrochloride |
| (6S)-6-Phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazolhydrochlorid |
| (S)-6-Phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole hydrochloride |
| Ascaridil |
| Levasole |
| Meglum |
| Levadin |
| MFCD00005536 |
| (S)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole Monohydrochloride |
| L[-]-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole |
| (-)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo(2,1-b)thiazole monohydrochloride |
| Decaris |
| L-(-)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenyl-imidazo(2,1-b)thiazole hydrochloride |
| (-)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole monohydrochloride |
| Nilverm |
| Ripercol |
| L(−)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo(2,1-b)thiazole hydrochloride |
| Levamisole HCl |
| Imidazo(2,1-b)thiazole, 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenyl-, monohydrochloride, L-(-)- |
| L-(-)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole Monohydrochloride |
| EINECS 240-654-6 |
| Tramisol |
| (6S)-6-Phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole hydrochloride (1:1) |
| L-Tetramisole hydrochloride |
| Levamisole hydrochloride |
| Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole, 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenyl-, monohydrochloride, L-(-)- |
| Levacide |
| Ergamisol |
| Nemicide |
| (6S)-6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole hydrochloride |
| Levamisole (hydrochloride) |
